Brazilian Court Hierarchy: 5 Levels Explained

Protect your assets and business in Brazil

Por Lucas Ribeiro Cavalcante — OAB/CE 44.673

Facing a property or business dispute in Brazil? Hearing terms like 'second instance' or 'STJ' can be overwhelming if you do not understand the system.

✘ Mito

Assuming Brazilian courts work like US or UK common law systems.

✓ Verdade

Brazil follows Civil Law, meaning judges rule based on written codes, not precedents.

Dica

Do not plan for endless appeals. Most legal disputes involving foreign citizens and investors are resolved and end at the second instance (Appellate Courts).

First Instance: Trial Courts

Second Instance: Appeals

STJ & STF: Highest Federal Courts

In 2026, Brazil's courts are fully digitalized. Online portals track your case, but the five-tier structure remains anchored in the 1988 Constitution.

Knowing where your dispute sits in the hierarchy saves you time, money, and serious frustration.

Navigate the Brazilian judicial system with expert guidance and protect your interests.

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